Level 1 evidence has demonstrated increased overall survival with cisplatin-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy for patients with muscle-invasive urothelial cancer. Usage remains low, however, in part because neoadjuvant chemotherapy will not be effective for every patient. To identify the patients most likely to benefit, we evaluated germline pharmacogenomic markers for association with neoadjuvant chemotherapy sensitivity in 2 large cohorts of patients with urothelial cancer.
Patients receiving neoadjuvant cisplatin-based chemotherapy for muscle-invasive urothelial cancer were eligible. Nine germline single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) potentially conferring platinum sensitivity were tested for an association with a complete pathologic response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (pT0) or elimination of muscle-invasive cancer (<pT2).
The data from 205 patients were analyzed-59 patients were included in the discovery set and 146 in an independent replication cohort-from 3 institutions. The stage pT0 (26%) and < pT2 (50%) rates were consistent across the discovery and replication populations. Using a multivariate recessive genetic model, rs244898 in RARS (odds ratio, 6.8; 95% confidence interval, 1.8-28.9; P = .006) and rs7937567 in GALNTL4 (odds ratio, 4.8; 95% confidence interval, 1.1-22.6; P = .04) were associated with pT0 in the discovery set. Despite these large effects, neither were associated with achievement of pT0 in the replication set. A third SNP, rs10964552, was associated with stage < pT2 in the discovery set but also failed to replicate.
Germline SNPs previously associated with platinum sensitivity were not associated with the neoadjuvant chemotherapy response in a large replication cohort of patients with urothelial cancer. These results emphasize the need for replication when evaluating pharmacogenomic markers and demonstrate that multi-institutional efforts are feasible and will be necessary to achieve advances in urothelial cancer pharmacogenomics.
Clinical genitourinary cancer. 2016 Mar 10 [Epub ahead of print]
Peter H O'Donnell, Shaheen Alanee, Kelly L Stratton, Ilana R Garcia-Grossman, Hongyuan Cao, Irina Ostrovnaya, Elizabeth R Plimack, Christopher Manschreck, Cory Ganshert, Norm D Smith, Gary D Steinberg, Joseph Vijai, Kenneth Offit, Walter M Stadler, Dean F Bajorin
The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL. Electronic address: ., Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY., Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY., Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY., The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL., Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY., Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA., Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY., The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL., The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL., The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL., Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY., Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY., The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL., Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY.