The research's goal is to create the surfaces of titanium dioxide nanoparticles in a layer of folic acid that can effectively target human bladder cancer cells (T24).
An efficient method for creating FA-coated TiO2 NPs was used, and many tools have been used to analyze its physicochemical properties. The cytotoxic effects of FA-coated NPs on T24 cells and the mechanisms of apoptosis generation were examined employing a variety of methodologies.
The prepared FA-coated TiO2 NPs suspensions with a hydrodynamic diameter around 37 nm and a negative surface charge of - 30 mV, reduced T24 cell proliferation with stronger IC50 value (21.8 ± 1.9 μg/ml) than TiO2 NPs (47.8 ± 2.5 μg/ml). This toxicity resulted in apoptosis induction (16.63%) that was caused through enhanced reactive oxygen species formation and stopping the cell cycle over G2/M phase. Moreover, FA- TiO2 NPs raised the expression levels of P53, P21, BCL2L4, and cleaved Caspase-3, while decreasing Bcl-2, Cyclin B, and CDK1 in treated cells.
Overall, these findings revealed efficient targeting of the FA- TiO2 NPs resulted in increasing cellular internalization caused increased apoptosis in T24 cells. As a result, FA- TiO2 NPs might be a viable treatment for human bladder cancer.
Biotechnology and applied biochemistry. 2023 Mar 11 [Epub ahead of print]
Demiana H Hanna, Marina M Aziz, E El Shafee
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt.