Neuromodulation is an effective, minimally invasive technique for the management of urinary urgency and frequency, urgency incontinence, nonobstructive urinary retention, and fecal incontinence.
This article reviews the physiology of neuromodulation, indications, implantation methods, and outcomes.
Written by:
Fulton M, Peters KM. Are you the author?
Department of Urology, Oakland University William Beaumont School of Medicine, Royal Oak, MI, USA.
Reference: Urol Clin North Am. 2012 Aug;39(3):405-12.
doi: 10.1016/j.ucl.2012.05.008
PubMed Abstract
PMID: 22877724
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