The association between menopause, postmenopausal hormone therapy, and kidney stone disease has long been a topic of discussion and is still unclear. Moreover, most previous research has focused on Caucasians.
Therefore, we aimed to explore this issue in an Asian population.
In this cross-sectional study, we enrolled female participants aged between 30 and 70 years from the Taiwan Biobank. The presence of kidney stone disease (KSD) was defined through a self-reported questionnaire. The participants were divided into two groups according to the presence of menopause; premenopausal and postmenopausal groups. The associations among menopause, postmenopausal hormone therapy, and KSD were examined using binary logistic regression models.
A total of 17,460 women with available information were recruited, including 5976 in the premenopausal group and 11,484 in the postmenopausal group. Compared to the premenopausal group, the postmenopausal group had a significantly higher prevalence of KSD (3% vs. 6%). The odds ratio for KSD was higher in the postmenopausal group than in the premenopausal group (odds ratio = 1.50; 95% confidence interval = 1.17 to 1.92) after adjusting for confounders. We also examined associations between the type of menopause (natural and surgical) and KSD, and found that both types of menopause were associated with KSD in age-adjusted and multivariable models. Compared with those who had never received postmenopausal hormone therapy, those who had received postmenopausal hormone therapy were not associated with a higher risk of KSD.
Our study suggests that natural and surgical menopause were associated with KSD. However, we found no association between postmenopausal hormone therapy and KSD in the postmenopausal women.
Annals of epidemiology. 2022 Dec 07 [Epub ahead of print]
Tsz-Yi Tang, Jia-In Lee, Jung-Tsung Shen, Yung-Chin Lee, Hsun-Shuan Wang, Yao-Hsuan Tsao, Yi-Hsuan Wu, Shu-Pin Huang, Szu-Chia Chen, Jhen-Hao Jhan, Jiun-Hung Geng
Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung, 812, Taiwan; Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80756, Taiwan., Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, 80756, Taiwan., Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung, 812, Taiwan., Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80756, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80756, Taiwan., Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 812, Taiwan; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80756, Taiwan; Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80756, Taiwan; Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80756, Taiwan., Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung, 812, Taiwan; Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80756, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80756, Taiwan. Electronic address: ., Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung, 812, Taiwan; Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80756, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80756, Taiwan; Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80756, Taiwan. Electronic address: .
PubMed http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36494042