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Hormone-refractory prostate cancer:

1. Prostate Cancer Diagnosis
Signs and symptoms. Prostate cancer rarely demonstrates early symptoms. A nodule may be noticed on a digital rectal exam as tumor volume increases. Symptoms suggest locally advanced or metastatic disease. ...
2. Treatment for Localized Prostate Cancer
Selection of the appropriate treatment requires assessment of the tumor's potential aggressiveness and the general health, life expectancy, and quality of life preferences of the patient. The treatment ...
3. Etiology & Epidemiology - Upper Tract Cancers
Background: Upper urinary tract urothelial tumors involving the renal pelvis or ureter account for 5% to 7% of all renal tumors and about 5% of all urothelial tumors. Renal pelvic tumors are not ...
4. Epidemiology - Prevalence Bladder Cancer
Bladder Cancer General Considerations This is the second most common urologic malignancy. Ninety percent of the cases are transitional cell carcinoma. Sixty to 75% of lesions are superficial ...
5. Prostate Cancer Grading & Staging Systems
 The clinical staging of prostate cancer uses pretreatment parameters to predict the extent of disease, for assessment of prognosis and to assist in decisions regarding appropriate treatment.  Pretreatment ...
6. Prostate Cancer Screening
Prostate cancer screening refers to testing for disease in healthy, asymptomatic populations, where diagnosis is the identification of disease among individuals with signs or symptoms. The goal of screening ...
7. Prostate Cancer: Prevalence - Incidence - Mortality
Prostate Cancer has been the most common noncutaneous malignancy in U.S. men since 1984, now accounting for one quarter of all such cancers. Adenocarcinoma of the prostate is the most common cancer ...
8. Beyond the Abstract - Copy Number Analysis Indicates Monoclonal Origin of Lethal Metastatic Prostate Cancer, by G. Steven Bova, MD
BERKELEY, CA (UroToday.com) - I was trained and board certified as a urologist (University of Virginia) and pathologist (Cornell and UVA)
9. Beyond the Abstract - Synergistic potentiation of interferon activity with maitake mushroom D-fraction on bladder cancer cells, by Sensuke Konno, PhD, et al.
BERKELEY, CA (UroToday.com) - In this in vitro study, we demonstrated that growth inhibitory activity of interferon-α2b (IFN-α2b) on bladder cancer T24 cells was synergistically enhanced with maitake mushroom ...
10. Beyond the Abstract - The role of biopsy core number in selecting prostate cancer patients for active surveillance, by Guillaume Ploussard, MD and Alexandre de la Taille, MD
BERKELEY, CA (UroToday.com) - Active surveillance (AS) entails a strategy by which selected men are managed expectantly with the intention of applying potentially curative treatment in case of signs of ...
11. Beyond the Abstract - Clinical and immunologic effects of intranodal autologous tumor lysate-dendritic cell vaccine with aldesleukin (interleukin 2) and IFN-{alpha}2a therapy in metastatic renal cell carcinoma patients, by Marc Ernstoff, MD
BERKELEY, CA (UroToday.com) - Immunotherapy with IL-2 for metastatic renal cancer continues to offer a minority of patients the potential of durable complete responses without additional treatments.
12. Beyond the Abstract - Anxiety and distress during active surveillance for early prostate cancer, by Roderick C.N. van den Bergh, MD, et al.
BERKELEY, CA (UroToday.com) - The present study found that the majority of men with early prostate cancer (PC) included in a protocol-based program for active surveillance (AS) show favorable anxiety and ...
13. Beyond the Abstract - Unusual scrotal pathology: An overview, by Moshe Wald, MD, et al.
BERKELEY, CA (UroToday.com) - The diverse embryological origins of the scrotal contents, including the genital swelling, the retroperitoneum, and the abdominal wall, create an environment where unusual ...
14. Beyond the Abstract - DNA content in the diagnostic biopsy for benign-adjacent and cancer-tissue areas predicts the need for treatment in men with T1c prostate cancer undergoing surveillance in an expectant management programme, by Sumit Isharwal, MD, et
BERKELEY, CA (UroToday.com) - The James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
15. Beyond the Abstract - The effect of on-line position correction on the dose distribution in focal radiotherapy for bladder cancer, by Dominique C. van Rooijen, MSc, et al.
BERKELEY, CA (UroToday.com) - Radiotherapy, given in 20-25 fractions over 4-5 weeks, is usually the second choice for the treatment of muscle-invasive bladder cancer, behind radical cystectomy.
16. Beyond the Abstract - Dose-escalation using intensity-modulated radiotherapy for prostate cancer - Evaluation of the dose distribution with and without (18)F-choline PET-CT detected simultaneous integrated boost, by Michael Pinkawa, MD
BERKELEY, CA (UroToday.com) - Randomized three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy dose escalation studies have consistently shown improved biochemical control rates for prostate cancer.
17. Beyond the Abstract - Predictive implications of bone turnover markers after palliative treatment with (186)Re-HEDP in hormone-refractory prostate cancer patients with painful osseous metastases, by Athanasios Zafeirakis, MD, PhD
BERKELEY, CA (UroToday.com) - Bone is a very common site of prostate cancer metastases, and in most patients the only site of disease progression.
18. Beyond the Abstract - Rectal morbidity after permanent interstitial brachytherapy for prostate cancer-Impact of day 1 vs. day 30 computed tomography-based postimplant dosimetry, by Michael Pinkawa, MD
BERKELEY, CA (UroToday.com) - Rectal morbidity is a serious concern following prostate brachytherapy due to the proximity of the prostate and rectal wall. I
19. Beyond the Abstract - Dose escalation to the dominant intraprostatic lesion defined by sextant biopsy in a permanent prostate I-125 implant: A prospective comparative toxicity analysis, by Marc Gaudet, MD, et al.
BERKELEY, CA (UroToday.com) - Treatment volume definitions for permanent implant brachytherapy have evolved over the past 25 years, but treatment volume still encompasses the entire prostate without more ...
20. Beyond the Abstract - Long term increased expression of the short form 1b prolactin receptor in PC-3 human prostate cancer cells decreases cell growth and migration, and causes multiple changes in gene expression consistent with reduced invasive capacity,
BERKELEY, CA (UroToday.com) - When thinking of hormonal influences on the prostate, few clinicians would immediately list prolactin among the significant.