A variety of minimally invasive approaches are available for the treatment of upper tract stones and other pathology, such as obstruction (ureteropelvic junction and ureteral strictures) and urothelial tumors. It behooves the general urologist to be equipped to offer the full spectrum of treatment options. As such, one of the objectives of this course is to review the basic principles of endoscopy and shock wave lithotripsy as well as to provide guidance for the selection of appropriate treatment modalities. New technologies and techniques to facilitate these procedures will be reviewed and tips to recognize, treat and avoid complications will be presented. Surgical treatment of upper tract stones is only part of the comprehensive management of stone disease. This course will additionally review the pathophysiology of stone disease and provide a simplified diagnostic program and treatment algorithm for the prevention of recurrent stones. At the completion of this course, the practitioner should be able to provide comprehensive care for stone disease and perform the minimally invasive treatment modalities available for the treatment of upper tract pathology.