BJUI Mini Reviews
2012
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Laparoscopic partial nephrectomy in obese patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis
This review adds a meta-analysis of these four studies to make the patient cohort larger and to allow for a greater understanding of the procedure in this select group of patients.
Role of transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS) in focal therapy of prostate cancer: Report from a Consensus Panel
In this article authors report the results of a consensus meeting focused on ultrasonography, the most common used urological imaging method, in relation to focal therapy of prostate cancer.
Urine survivin as a diagnostic biomarker for bladder cancer: A systematic review
In this article, the authors systematically reviewed the available evidenceTo determine the clinical utility of urine survivin as a bladder tumour marker .
Suprapubic catheter insertion using an ultrasound-guided technique and literature review
This paper describes the technique of US-guided needle puncture and SPC insertion to reduce the likelihood of bowel injury.
Urologists and oncologists: Adapting to a new treatment paradigm in castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC)
In this article, recent paradigm shifts in treatment are reviewed with an emphasis on how these treatments may eventually alter the dynamic equilibrium between urology and oncology specialists.
Bilateral testicular germ cell tumours: A systematic review
The aim of this study is to provide a broad overview of BTGCT and to update data focusing on incidence, pathological features, and clinical outcomes of men with BTGCTs.
Surgical simulators in urological training – views of UK training programme directors
This paper provides a discussion on the current use of simulators in surgical training. Its aim is too determine the views of UK urology training programme directors (TPDs) on the availability and use of simulators in urology at present, and to discuss the role that simulators may have in future training.
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The long-term efficacy and safety of a testosterone mucoadhesive buccal tablet in testosterone-deficient men
This article examines efficacy and safety data from previously unpublished studies over 2 years of continuous use of Striant SR.
Conversion rates of abstracts presented at the Urological Society of Australia and New Zealand (USANZ) Annual Scientific Meeting into full-text journal articles
With relatively low publication rates compared to other international meetings, this review identifies the need for mechanisms to encourage USANZ researchers to convert their abstracts into published articles.
Conservative and radiological management of simple renal cysts: A comprehensive review
The study, for the fi rst time, systematically reviews the indications for follow-up or radiological treatment of simple renal cysts.
Coronary stent management in elective genitourinary surgery
This article reviews the literature and recommends a protocol for clinical management of patients undergoing urological procedures after coronary stent placement.
PCA: Prostate cancer, patient-centred approach or both?
The objective of this article is to highlight the differences and similarities in opinion on prostate cancer management between physicians and patients.
Optimising repeat prostate biopsy decisions and procedures
This review discusses strategies to optimise repeat biopsy procedures in order to better predict the biopsy outcome.
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Probiotics, dendritic cells and bladder cancer
This review considers the addition of probiotics to the diet and whether it may confer benefit by altering rates of bladder tumour recurrence and also alter the response to immune mechanisms involved with the application of intravesical treatments (bacille Calmette-Guérin).
An indwelling urinary catheter for the 21st century
This article provides a critical examination of the design of the indwelling Foley catheter.
Quality-of-care framework in urological cancers: Where do we stand?
This article aims to delineate quality of care processes, current status of quality indicators for major urological cancers as well as recommend a provisional framework for evaluation of quality for urological procedures.
Urology training: Past, present and future
This article looks at past and current urological training and suggests emerging and innovative ways to teach the next generation of urologists.
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Operative experience of urological trainees in the UK
The authors examine trainees’ current operative experience and analyse the changes over recent years. With a notable decrease in experience of certain procedures, they highlight the possible reasons and discuss the implications for future training.
Intraprostatic testosterone and dihydrotestosterone. Part I: Concentrations and methods of determination in men with benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostate cancer
Part I of this two-part paper reviews the different methods of steroid hormone measurement and gives an overview of steroid hormone concentrations in normal and diseased prostatic tissue.
Intraprostatic testosterone and dihydrotestosterone. Part II: Concentrations after androgen hormonal manipulation in men with benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostate cancer
Part II of this two-piece mini-review examines the effect of medication that alters the male steroid hormone metabolism (i.e. 5-alpha reductase inhibitors, androgen deprivation therapy) on intraprostatic steroid hormone concentrations.
Assessment of complication and functional outcome reporting in the minimally invasive prostatectomy literature from 2006 to the present
This review provides evidence that the minimally invasive prostatectomy literature still fails to meet the standards and critical benchmarks necessary for adequate complications reporting.
2011
December 2011
From Leonardo to da Vinci: The history of robot-assisted surgery in urology
This review highlights the depth of history that underpins the robotic surgical platform we utilise today, whilst also detailing the current place of robot-assisted surgery in urology in 2011.
December 2011
The sensitivity of fluorescent-light cystoscopy for the detection of carcinoma in situ (CIS) of the bladder: A meta-analysis with comments on gold standard
The purpose of this review was to examine evidence on the sensitivity of fluorescent light cystoscopy (FLC; alternative term photodynamic diagnosis) for urothelial carcinoma in situ (CIS) of the bladder, and to offer a discussion from a histopathology standpoint.
How to develop a simulation programme in urology
This study provides a framework to overcome the challenges of integrating standalone simulation programmes into mainstream urology curricula and discusses the advantages of centralised urology simulation centres and their potential to serve as key adjuncts in the certification and validation process of urologists.
November 2011
Chemotherapy for advanced adrenal cancer: Improvement from a molecular approach?
This review assesses the utility of conventional and novel systematic therapies for adrenal carcinoma, and points the way to future implementation of molecular biology in the design and execution of clinical trails for advanced adrenal carcinoma.
November 2011
Prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia: Its morphological and molecular diagnosis and clinical significance
The aim of this paper was to review the morphological spectrum of prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN), its relationship to carcinoma of the prostate (PCa) and its clinical significance.
October 2011
What is the current status of revalidation in urology?
This article describes the process of revalidation for urologists, highlights challenges in its practical application and suggests potential improvements to the current strategy of revalidation.
Pelvic floor disorders: Linking genetic risk factors to biochemical changes
We reviewed recent literature on observed biochemical changes in women with SUI and POP, linking them to genetic predisposition.
October 2011
Treating stuttering priapism
In this mini review, the authors have attempted to systematically summarize the published articles on this topic.
September 2011
Critical review of ‘pentafecta’ outcomes after robot-assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy in high-volume centres
This article reviews each of the five arms of ‘pentafecta’ outcomes after robotic prostatectomy performed in high volume centres.
Balancing continence function and oncological outcomes during robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP)
Although the main aim of the robot-assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy (RALP) procedure remain reaching a complete extirpation of the primary tumour, the patients satisfaction can be negatively affected by the presence of UI and/or erectile dysfunction during the follow-up.
September 2011
Training in ureteroscopy: A critical appraisal of the literature
The aim of the present review was to study factors influencing training and the maintenance of skills in performing ureteroscopy (URS).
The economic burden of prostate cancer
Prostate cancer is a major public health concern and is associated with significant healthcare costs.
August 2011
TVT-Secur mini-sling for stress urinary incontinence: A review of outcomes at 12 months
Female stress urinary incontinence (SUI) presents an enormous disease burden to women worldwide, affecting 1 in 3 adult women.
August 2011
Management of the bladder in traumatic injuries of the spinal cord during the First World War and its implications for the current practice of urology
By the turn of the 19th century, the chief cause of death in acute and chronic paraplegia was recognized as renal failure attributable to UTIs caused by inappropriate treatment.
Bladder cancer is the second most common genitourinary malignancy, with TCCs comprising ≈90% of primary bladder tumours.
August 2011
Management of urolithiasis in patients after urinary diversions
After urinary diversion patients are at increased risk of long-term complications, including stones of the upper urinary tract and reservoir or conduit.
July 2011
Urological litigation in the UK National Health Service (NHS): An analysis of 14 years of successful claims
The aim of this study was to determine the areas in Urology most prone to successful litigation claims and so provide a guide to where risk management procedures may need to be improved.
June 2011
Predictors of citations in the urological literature
Peer-reviewed journals are used to disseminate important research findings to the scientific community.
June 2011
Adverse events from targeted therapies in advanced renal cell carcinoma: The impact on long-term use
Since the introduction of targeted therapy for the treatment of advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC) the prognosis of this condition has improved.
May 2011
Outcomes of pharmacological management of nocturia with non-antidiuretic agents: Does statistically significant equal clinically significant?
Nocturia is defined by the 4th International Consultation on Incontinence as the need to wake from sleep one or more times to void.
May 2011
LESSons in minimally invasive urology
Laparoscopic surgery has evolved in an effort to reduce the complications associated with large incisions during ‘open-access’ surgery, leading to improvements in blood loss, recovery time, hospital stay, cosmesis, scar pain and hernia formation.
May 2011
Effect of testosterone administration to men with prostate cancer is unpredictable: A word of caution and suggestions for a registry
The prostate cell population is heterogeneous and comprises, among others, epithelial, basal, neuroendocrine and stem cells, as well as stroma and tissue matrix.
May 2011
Focal therapy in the management of localized prostate cancer
The advent of PSA testing more than two decades ago has improved the early detection of prostate cancer, leading to more men being diagnosed and treated.
April 2011
Evidence-based medicine: Comparative analysis of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analogues in combination with external beam radiation and surgery in the treatment of carcinoma of the prostate
Luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analogues are a cornerstone in the management of many clinical situations in prostate cancer patients.
April 2011
A new patient-focused approach to the treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma: Establishing customized treatment options
Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) show that six targeted agents – sorafenib, sunitinib, temsirolimus, everolimus, bevacizumab and pazopanib – improve outcome in advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC).
April 2011
Prostate cancer immunology – an update for urologists
Prostate cancer (CaP) is the most prevalent non-skin malignancy in males in the western world.
March 2011
Risk stratification for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) treatment
In men LUTS are common. BPH, a slowly progressive condition, accounts for most of the symptoms and bother associated with LUTS.
March 2011
The influence of family history on prostate cancer risk: Implications for clinical management
Prostate cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer in men in Europe and in the USA.
February 2011
Urothelial lesions with inverted growth patterns: histogenesis, molecular genetic findings,differential diagnosis and clinical management
A number of well-recognized urothelial lesions with inverted morphology occur in the urinary bladder.
February 2011
The role of a leaky epithelium and potassium in the generation of bladder symptoms in interstitial cystitis/overactive bladder, urethral syndrome, prostatitis and gynaecological chronic pelvic pain
The traditional diagnosis of interstitial cystitis (IC) only recognizes the severe form of the disease. The far more common early and intermittent phases of the disease are not perceived to be part of IC but rather are misdiagnosed as urinary tract infection, urethral syndrome, overactive bladder, chronic prostatitis, urethritis, or a type of gynecologic pelvic pain (such as endometriosis, vulvodynia, or some type of vaginitis).
January 2011
Successful control of schistosomiasis and the changing epidemiology of bladder cancer in Egypt
Schistosomiasis is a parasitic disease caused by flatworms that live in snail-infested fresh water. It is endemic to 74 countries and affects some 200 million people worldwide, causing an estimated 200,000 deaths annually.
2010
December 2010
Is radical prostatectomy a viable therapeutic option in clinically locally advanced (cT3) prostate cancer?
While according to the literature, the current preferred treatment for T3 prostate cancer is a combination of radiotherapy and extended hormone therapy, this review looks at the viability of radical prostatectomy as a therapeutic option.
October 2010
Update on the management of T1 renal cortical tumours
This review examines the range of treatment strategies for the management of patients with small incidental renal cortical tumours - including active surveillance, radiofrequency ablation, cryotherapy, radical nephrectomy and partial nephrectomy.
September 2010
Coffee consumption and risk of prostate cancer: A meta-analysis of epidemiological studies
This review evaluates the association between coffee consumption and the risk of prostate cancer.
Transurethral resection of the prostate stands accused of causing impotence in patients: Should it be found culpable?
This review concentrates on evidence from peer-reviewed published reports and presentations at scientific meetings to determine the level of culpability of transurethral resection of the prostate in male impotence.
August 2010
Management of prostate cancer in older men: Recommendations of a working group of the International Society of Geriatric Urology
The aim of this review is to provide the urologist with a short summary of evidence-based recommendations, including specific decision algorithms, for managing older men with localized or advanced prostate cancer.
Racial variation in the pattern and quality of care for prostate cancer in the USA: Mind the gap
In this review, the authors searched the USA National Library of Medicine PubMed system for articles pertaining to quality indicators in prostate cancer and racial disparities in quality of care for prostate cancer.
July 2010
Failure of bacille Calmette-Guérin in patients with high risk non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer unsuitable for radical cystectomy: An update of available treatment options
This review looks at the accepted standard of radical cystectomy for patients with high-risk non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) upon failure of intravesical bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) and critically reviews previous reports on the treatment possibilities available in such a clinical scenario.
New Italian guidelines on bladder cancer, based on the World Health Organization 2004 classification
The 2004 WHO classification establishes a change in the treatments for managing non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). The main objective of the guideline is to overcome the controversies surrounding the prognostic value of the intermediate grade of the 1973 WHO classification. The clinical recommendations of the Italian guidelines are based primarily on the new 2004 WHO classification, while definitively abandoning that of 1973.
June 2010
A new era in the treatment of erectile dysfunction: Chronic phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibition
This review provides an examination of clinical studies indicating that chronic PDE5-i regimens for erectile dysfunction are a safe and effective alternative to the classical on-demand dosage.
May 2010
The increasing incidence of mumps orchitis: A comprehensive review
This review examines the epidemiology, clinical presentation, diagnostic methods, treatment options and complications of mumps orchitis, as a complication of mumps virus, with particular emphasis on testicular atrophy, subfertility and infertility.
Methylated genes as potential biomarkers in prostate cancer
This review looks at the promising preliminary results of the use of the methylation status of specific genes as potential tumour biomarkers for the early diagnosis and the risk stratification of patients with prostate cancer.
Current status of metal stents for managing malignant ureteric obstruction
In this review, the clinical applications of different types of metal stents are discussed, with a specific focus on the latest advances and the future options for managing malignant ureteric obstruction.
April 2010
More than an accessory: Implications of type III transforming growth factor-β receptor loss in prostate cancer
This review provides a discussion of how TGFβR3 normally functions as an accessory protein in the TGFβ pathway, how its loss is related to tumour progression, and the treatment implications of TGFβR3 loss in individuals with prostate cancer.
The prognostic significance of bladder neck invasion in prostate cancer: Is microscopic involvement truly a T4 disease?
This evidence-based review provides evidence that bladder neck invasion should be assigned within the subset of pT3 stage, and that further improvement of the actual tumour-node-metastasis staging system should be considered.
The management of cyclophosphamide-induced haematuria
This review provides an examination of the key preventative measures and treatment options in the management of cyclophosphamide-induced haematuria.
March 2010
High-grade prostate cancer and finasteride
This review looks at the increase in the prevalence of high-grade prostate tumours in patients who have undergone finasteride therapy.
The prostate cancer gene 3 assay: Indications for use in clinical practice
This review provides a discussion of five clinical cases in which the PCA3 assay can be considered, based on scientific evidence and key patient cases from real-life clinical practice.
Biomarkers in bladder cancer
This article presents an updated review of selected biomarkers within the setting of the Bladder Cancer Prognosis Programme (BCPP) as well as highlighting other recent important developments in bladder cancer research.
February 2010
The effect of age and gender on bladder cancer: A critical review of the literature
This review examines previous reports on the influence of age and gender on the incidence, biology, mortality and treatment of urothelial carcinoma of the bladder (UCB).
Application of mesenchymal stromal cells in urological diseases
This review provides an insight into stem cell hierarchy, defines the properties of MSCs and summarizes recent reports of their administration in urological diseases.
January 2010
The relevance of a hypoxic tumour microenvironment in prostate cancer
This review outlines the role of low-oxygen conditions in prostate cancer and the areas where further studies are required.
Other biomarkers for detecting prostate cancer
This review provides an assessment of current biomarkers, other than PSA, used for prostate cancer detection, and examines their role in the clinical practice.