KYOTO, JAPAN (UroToday.com) - The improvement in ureteroscopic technology along with continued interest in retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS) has expanded the indications and boundaries for its use.

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KYOTO, JAPAN (UroToday.com) - The debate continues as to what the best patient position is for PCNL – prone vs. supine vs. modified prone.

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KYOTO, JAPAN (UroToday.com) - In an interesting study by Jinsung Park and colleagues, 160 consecutive ureteral stone patients who underwent either shockwave lithotripsy (SWL, n=65) or ureteroscopy (URS, n=95) were evaluated for typical clinical outcomes.

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KYOTO, JAPAN (UroToday.com) - Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PNL) is the established treatment for large renal calculi, yet concrete risk factors for postoperative complications, such as fever and blood transfusion, are still being delineated.

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KYOTO, JAPAN (UroToday.com) - In another study, factors predicting success rates for RIRS for large (>1cm) stones was evaluated.

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KYOTO, JAPAN (UroToday.com) - This team performed a systematic literature review of randomized clinical trials (RCTs) of treatment for distal ureteral stones, proximal ureteral stones, and renal stones and found only 6 distal ureteral stone studies, 4 proximal ureteral stone studies and 3 renal stone studies that qualified for inclusion.

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KYOTO, JAPAN (UroToday.com) - The use of alpha-blockade, specifically the alpha blocker tamsulosin 0.4 mg, should be a routine part of the surveillance management of patients with small ( <6mm) distal ureteral calculi and for patients with indwelling ureteral stents.

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KYOTO, JAPAN (UroToday.com) - “The bigger they are, the harder they fall.”

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KYOTO, JAPAN (UroToday.com) - SWL continues to evolve with the development of variations in treatment modalities.

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KYOTO, JAPAN (UroToday.com) - The search for new and better means of stone comminution continues.

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