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December 2008
Laparoscopic Surgery for Cancers of the Kidney: Long-Term Oncological Efficacy
The objective of this review is to summarize the existing reports with reference to longterm oncological outcomes after laparoscopic nephrectomy.
Haemostatic Sealants in Nephron-Sparing Surgery: What Surgeons Need to Know
This review provides a brief overview of the history, composition and mechanism of action and current use of haemostatic products, and specially addresses urologists interested in nephron-sparing surgery (NSS).
Metabolic and Cardiovascular Effects of Androgen Deprivation Therapy
This review looks at the use of ADT, which has resulted in improved survival in men with advanced prostate cancer. At the same time, patients commonly experience severe hypogonadism and profound metabolic side-effects.
The Pharmacological Management of Intermittent Priapismic States
In this review, the evidence for the use of various drugs in stuttering priapism is described.
November 2008
Bladder Cancer and the Aluminium Industry: A Review
This article explores the possible association between occupational exposure to aluminum and bladder cancer.
Chronic Pelvic Pain in Women: Still a Challenge
This review examines treatment options for chronic pelvic pain (CPP), a complex, multi-factorial condition resulting in disability, distress, and compromised quality-of-life - particularly in reproductive-aged women.
Combined Radiation and Hormonal Therapy or Dose Escalation for Men with Unfavourable-Risk Prostate Cancer: An Evidence-Based Approach Using a Synthesis of Randomized Clinical Trials
This review examines the significant number of men who initially present with localized but unfavourable disease and the need for clinicians to optimize therapeutic strategies, particularly for these men.
Rare and Unusual Histological Variants of Prostatic Carcinoma: Clinical Significance
This review examines the clinicopathological features of several unusual histological variants of prostatic carcinoma including small cell carcinoma, ductal adenocarcinoma, sarcomatoid (carcinosarcoma), basal cell, squamous cell and adenosquamous, and urothelial carcinoma.
October 2008
Outcome of Pregnancy in Women with a History of Vesico-Ureteric Reflux
This article reviews the evidence relating to the outcome of pregnancy in women with vesico-ureteric reflux (VUR), or a previous history of VUR, and identifies the factors contributing to morbidity in pregnancy, with particular emphasis on the role of renal scarring.
Contemporary Management of Penile Cancer
In this article the current understanding and management of penile cancer is reviewed.
A Review of Adherence to Drug Therapy in Patients with Overactive Bladder
This review outlines methods of measuring, and factors affecting adherence to pharmacotherapy in patients with OAB.
Vasoactive Intestinal Polypeptide/Phentolamine for Intracavernosal Injection in Erectile Dysfunction
This review examines intracavernosal injection (ICI) therapy, the most effective nonsurgical treatment for ED in all causes of erectile failure. Therapies currently include papaverine, α-adrenoreceptor blocking agents such as phentolamine, and prostaglandin E1 (alprostadil).
September 2008
Genetic Polymorphism and Pathogenesis of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia
This review explores additional options for patients with moderate to severe symptomatic BPH, including the administration of α-adrenoceptor blockers (e.g. alfuzosin, tamsulosin) and 5α-reductase inhibitors (e.g. finasteride, dutasteride).
The Pharmacological Treatment of Premature Ejaculation
This review examines how selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI), antidepressants (paroxetine, fluoxetine and sertraline), and the tricyclic antidepressant clomipramine increase ejaculatory control and delay ejaculation in men with PE, suggesting that pharmacological intervention might be useful for the treatment of PE.
Molecular and Histological Markers in Urothelial Carcinomas of the Upper Urinary Tract
This review explores the ongoing identification of molecular and histological markers in urothelial carcinomas of the upper urinary tract and how they might help to find specific treatments tailored to the molecular patterns of each tumour.
Ascent of the Testis Revisited: Fact Not Fiction
This review critically analyses previous reports to establish whether there are still grounds for scepticism, or whether the controversies surrounding the ascending testis can finally be laid to rest.
August 2008
Invasive T1 Bladder Cancer: Indications and Rationale for Radical Cystectomy
This review provides a rationale for a radical cystectomy in patients with high-risk, invasive T1 bladder cancer.
The Discovery and Application of Gene Fusions in Prostate Cancer
This review is a summarization of the identification, characterization and detection of TMPRSS2:ETS gene fusions and their role in prostate cancer. There is also a discussion of the discovery of additional 5′ partners that define distinct classes of ETS gene fusions based on the prostate specificity and androgen responsiveness of the 5′ partner.
'Crushing the Stone’: A Brief History of Lithotripsy, the First Minimally Invasive Surgery
This review traces the history of lithotripsy, a procedure that marked the birth of minimally invasive surgery.
Phosphodiesterase Type 5 Inhibitors in the Management of Erectile Dysfunction Secondary to Treatments for Prostate Cancer: Findings from a Cochrane Systematic Review
This article is an exploration, in systematic review, of the effectiveness, safety and potential optimal use of PDE5i for erectile dysfunction following treatments for prostate cancer.
July 2008
Watchful Waiting and Active Surveillance: The Current Position
This review examines watchful waiting, which is also sometimes termed ‘deferred treatment’ or ‘symptom guided treatment’, an active decision not to treat the prostate cancer patient, who instead is followed closely, and if and when the tumour progresses clinically with or without symptoms, treatment is started.
Predicting Survival After Radical Cystectomy for Bladder Cancer
This review highlights important risk factors and available prognostic models for predicting outcomes after radical cystectomy for bladder cancer.
Management of Renal Cancer in the Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Era: A View from 3 Years On
This review looks at four new drugs that have received recent regulatory approval: sorafenib, sunitinib, temsirolimus and bevacizumab.
Chronic Pain After Vasectomy: A Diagnostic and Treatment Dilemma
This review examines postvasectomy pain syndrome which is disappointingly common and difficult to treat. Long-term pain requiring some kind of intervention or surgical therapy occurs in up to one in 1000 vasectomized men.
June 2008
Sunitinib Therapy in Renal Cell Carcinoma
This review examines the use of sunitinib as a first-line, second-line, an adjuvant or even neoadjuvant therapy
Metastatic Non-Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma: Current Therapeutic Options
This is a review of all available data from subgroup analyses of the global sorafenib and sunitinib expanded access programmes, current phase- III trials, and smaller multi- and single-centre studies focusing on the activity of targeted agents in these specific and rare renal cell carcinoma subtypes.
Single-Incision Laparoscopic Surgery: Initial Urological Experience and Comparison with Natural-Orifice Transluminal Endoscopic Surgery
This review examines the feasibility of single-incision laparoscopic surgery using varied instrumentation and technology, with several groups having reported the safe and successful completion in both a porcine model and in human patients.
Management of Advanced Prostate Cancer: Can We Improve on Androgen Deprivation Therapy?
This review highlights the need to develop newer agents that can achieve rapid, profound and sustained testosterone suppression, equivalent to that with orchidectomy, in the treatment of advanced prostate cancer.
May 2008
Establishing the Role of Cytokine Therapy in Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma
This review explores the role of cytokine therapy in advanced renal cell carcinoma and investigates whether some patient populations might respond better than others.
‘Cutting for the Stone’: The Ancient Art of Lithotomy
This review explores the history of lithotomy - a fascinating story of how early surgeons forced by the culture and customs of the time dealt with common but devastating bladder stones.
Targeting the Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor-Κ B
(RANK) Ligand in Prostate Cancer Bone Metastases
This review examines emerging data indicating that bone marrow-derived RANKL might also constitute a chemoattractant factor for RANK-expressing tumour cells that is likely to contribute to the pathogenesis of bone metastases, including those arising from prostate cancer.
High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound in Prostate Cancer; A Systematic Literature Review of the French Association of Urology
This review discusses the efficacy and safety of high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) in patients with prostate cancer, to define the best indications for HIFU in daily clinical practice as primary therapy.
April 2008
Systemic Therapy for Metastatic Urothelial Carcinoma
Metastatic UC remains a challenging disease and continued clinical research efforts as well as studies to evaluate drug-resistance are warranted.
Non-Surgical Management of Multicystic Dysplastic Kidney
Objective: To better define the outcome and association of multicystic dysplastic kidney (MCDK) with hypertension, vesico-ureteric reflux (VUR), infection and cancer, as there is no consensus on the management of patients born with MCDK.
Novel Agents for Muscle-Invasive and Advanced Urothelial Cancer
A multidisciplinary approach and collaboration among laboratory scientists, oncologists,
urologists and radiation oncologists is necessary to make therapeutic advances. Recent and ongoing trials of novel
chemotherapeutic and biologic agents are reviewed.
How Quality Influences the Clinical Outcome of External Beam Radiotherapy for Localized Prostate Cancer
This overview describes what the urologist should expect from radiation oncologists to obtain the optimum results for the patients.
March 2008
Treating Asymptomatic Patients with Hormone-Refractory Prostate Cancer: Hormonal Manipulations for the Urologist
The reviewers attempt to provide the practicing clinician with therapeutic manoeuvres (hormonal manipulations) and an understanding of the different methods that can be used to treat the asymptomatic patient with HRPC and with an increasing PSA level.
New Blood-Based Biomarkers for the Diagnosis, Staging and Prognosis of Prostate Cancer
The future of cancer prognosis might rely on small panels of markers that can accurately predict cancer presence, stage and metastasis, and serve as prognosticators, targets, and/or surrogate endpoints of disease progression and response to therapy.
Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy Made Easier: a Practical Guide, Tips and Tricks
In this review, the technique of PCNL used in a high-volume endourology centre, where the urologist is involved in all aspects of the procedure is described.
A Dual Physiological Character for Sexual Function: The Role of Serotonergic Receptors
In this review, it is assumed that 5HT modulates sexual reflexes, establishing a functional connection between the involved somatic and autonomic structures.
February 2008
Paraneoplastic Cushing’s Syndrome in Prostate Cancer: A Difficult Management Problem
In this review, it is suggested that bilateral adrenalectomy at an early stage should be considered, possibly as a preliminary to anticancer treatments.
Sacral Neuromodulation for Treating the Symptoms of Overactive Bladder Syndrome and Non-Obstructive Urinary Retention: More Than 10 Years of Clinical Experience
SNM has emerged as a valuable minimally invasive treatment option for patients with lower urinary tract dysfunctions such as OAB and nonobstructive UR in whom conservative treatments have failed.
Pathological Variants of Invasive Bladder Cancer According to Their Suggested Clinical Significance
In this review, the most common pathological variants of urothelial carcinoma are summarized, with an emphasis on clinical implications.
Secondary Hormonal Therapy for Prostate Cancer: What Lies on the Horizon?
In this review, novel secondary hormonal agents that are under development, which work by either inhibiting androgen synthesis or directly targeting the androgen receptor are discussed.
January 2008
The Discovery of Prostate-Specific Antigen
In this review, the early research in this field to describe the chronology of the discovery of PSA is documented
Adjuvant Treatment in the Management of Testis-Confined Germ Cell Tumours After Orchidectomy
In this review, the advantages and disadvantages of the different strategies for treating seminomas and nonseminomas, and their associated prognostic factors are discussed , and then future developments are considered.
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