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November 2007
Treating Patients with Overactive Bladder Syndrome with Antimuscarinics: Heart Rate Considerations
In this excellent mini-review, the authors present an extensive and relevant paper on the effect of antimuscarinic agents on the heart. This is without doubt the most detailed and the most reader friendly paper on this subject, and will surely help urologists to assist in further educating their patients when prescribing these compounds.
October 2007
The Role of Inflammation and Infection in the Pathogenesis of Prostate Carcinoma
The role of inflammation in the pathogenesis of prostate cancer is of great interest and has led to many important changes in our approaches to the subject of prostate cancer.
The Treatment of Adolescents Presenting With a Varicocele
It is not known whether varicocele in adolescence impairs fertility or whether
surgery restores fertility.
The Role of Intermittent Androgen Deprivation in Prostate Cancer
Intermittent androgen deprivation has been an alternative therapeutic option for some time, but the absence of a large multicentre randomized controlled trial has delayed its general acceptance.
September 2007
A Review of the Current Status of Topical Treatments for Premature Ejaculation
The demand for treatment for PE is growing, perhaps due to changes in expectation of sexual fulfilment by both sexual partners. Until effective products are licensed for treating PE, patients (or indeed any man wanting to extend his IELT) will continue to
turn to over-the-counter products of questionable efficacy and safety, and solely based on the manufacturers’ claims but with limited supporting evidence.
Urological Malignancy After Renal Transplantation
Immunosuppression in solid-organ recipients is associated with a greater risk of de novo malignancy after transplantation; herein we report the UK transplant registry (UKTR) database of urological cancer after renal transplantation in the UK transplant population.
Gland Volume in the Assessment of Prostatic Disease: Does Size Matter?
Several recent studies commented on the importance of gland volume in prostatic
disease; in this review we aim to assess the evidence examining the importance of prostate volume in the risk of malignancy, detection rates, treatment options and their subsequent success. We also comment on possible improvements to prostate biopsy protocols.
August 2007
Managing the Progression of Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms / Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: Therapeutic Options for the Man at Risk
This Paper concentrates on the progression of LUTS and BPH which the MTOPS study brought to our notice leading to a major change in our approach to trials of therapy.
Validation of the Pitts Unified Theory of Prostate Cancer, Late-Onset Hypogonadism and Carcinoma: The Role of Steroid 5α-Reductase and Steroid Aromatase
This review is really a statement of a theory, an expression of a concept being proposed by the author, which hopefully will be of interest to the reader.
July 2007
Upper Urinary Tract Tumour After Radical Cystectomy for Transitional Cell Carcinoma of the Bladder: An Update on the Risk Factors, Surveillance Regimens and Treatments
Metachronous TCC in the Upper Urinary Tract after Radical Cystectomy has been an important topic in relation to the follow-up, and this paper throws considerable light on the subject.
Emphysematous Cystitis: A Review of 135 Cases
EC is the most common and typically the least severe gas-forming infection of the urinary tract. Prompt diagnosis and treatment is warrented to prevent the potential morbidity and mortality of this infectious condition
June 2007
Painful Ejaculation
A systematic literature review on postorgasmic pain in the male. The authors found a significant incidence of this problem and have suggested that studies are required into aetiology and treatment.
A Review of Targeted Screening for Prostate Cancer: Introducing the IMPACT Study
A discussion of screening for prostate cancer, and particularly new efforts at targeting special groups.
Basal Cell Carcinoma of the Prostate: Current Concepts
Current evidence suggests that radical surgery is the preferred first-line management option for basal cell carcinoma of the prostate.
Saturation Biopsy for Detecting and Characterizing Prostate Cancer
The complications and risk of diagnosing clinically insignificant cancer using SB after a previous negative biopsy are reported to be no higher than with routine sextant or extendedcore biopsy, unless general or regional anaesthesia is used, whereas the detection of clinically significant cancer is higher.
May 2007
The Modern Management of Upper Tract Urothelial Cancer: Surgical Treatment (PDF)
Open RNU, including the complete urothelial excision and adequate surgical margins, still represents the reference standard for treating TCC of the UUT.
The Modern Management of Upper Urinary Tract Urothelial Cancer: Tumour Diagnosis, Grading and Staging (PDF)
Full assessment of suspected lesions takes advantage of advances in cytological, radiological and endoscopic techniques.Only by providing accurate tumour staging and grading can clinicians decide which patients should be offered more conservative therapies.
Upper Urinary Tract Transitional Cell Carcinoma: Current Treatment Overview of Minimally Invasive Approaches (PDF)
The indications for minimally invasive treatment for UUT-TCC are expanding. LNU is comparable to ONU in effectiveness and oncological efficacy, especially for low-grade tumours. Long-term data on survival of up to 7 years have verified that the DSS and recurrence rates are comparable to ONU.
Effects of Testosterone on Erectile Function: Implications for the Therapy of Erectile Dysfunction (PDF)
A sufficient testosterone level is crucial for the development, growth and function of penile tissue and the regulation of erectile function. Satisfactory options are currently available for testosterone therapy in patients with ED due to low testosterone levels. Compendium (PDF)
April 2007
Cerebral Mechanisms and Voiding Function (PDF)
Some of the most recent work investigating the cerebral mechanisms involved in bladder control has been very helpful in adding to our understanding of bladder dysfunction. The group behind this work, from London, presents a mini-review which will help to update our knowledge in this area.
What Should a Urologist Know About Hereditary Predisposition to Prostate Cancer? (PDF)
According to a Nordic twin-study,hereditary factors play a greater role in the aetiology of prostate cancer than they do in any other form of cancer.
Bone and Prostate Cancer Cell Interactions in Metastatic Prostate Cancer (PDF)
The interplay in prostate cancer bone metastases between the ‘seed’ (the prostate cancer cells) and the ‘soil’ (the bone microenvironment) has been increasingly recognized as integral to the remarkable tropism for bone shown by prostate cancer.
Is the Use of Parasympathomimetics for Treating an Underactive Urinary Bladder Evidence-Based? (PDF)
An underactive urinary bladder (UUB), often occurring after surgery, can lead to urinary retention even in otherwise healthy people.
March 2007
Overactive Bladder Syndrome in Older People (PDF)
The overactive bladder symptom complex (OAB) is the commonest cause of urinary incontinence in older people, and is usually due to underlying detrusor overactivity, and as such is a treatable condition.
Granulomatous Prostatitis (PDF)
Granulomatous prostatitis (GnP) accounts for .8% to 1% of benign inflammatory conditions of the prostate [1 - 3]; it mimics prostate cancer clinically, histologically, biochemically, ultrasonographically and radiologically [4,5].
The Urologist’s Guide to Low Dose-Rate Interstitial Brachytherapy with Permanent Seed Implants for Localized Prostate Cancer (PDF)
The use of interstitial brachytherapy with permanent seed implantation for localized prostate cancer has rapidly gained popularity during the past decade; about a third of patients submitted for radiotherapy are now treated with this method in the USA.
Diabetes and the Urologist: A Growing Problem (PDF)
The incidence of diabetes continues to increase dramatically; this incidence is predominantly of the type-2 form which clusters together with other comorbidities of hypertension and lipid abnormalities, to form the metabolic syndrome.
February 2007
Botulinum Toxin A in the Overactive Bladder: Current Status and Future Directions (PDF)
Botulinum toxin (BTX) is a potent neurotoxin that inhibits acetylcholine release at the presynaptic cholinergic junction, inducing muscle relaxation.
Chemotherapy for Older Patients with Prostate Cancer (PDF)
Chemotherapy was previously thought to be limited to having a palliative role, as a range of chemotherapeutic agents relieved symptoms but failed to prolong life in metastatic hormone-refractory prostate cancer (HRPC) [1].
Present Strategies in the Treatment of Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma: an Update on Molecular Targeting Agents (PDF)
Advances in the knowledge of the genetic bases and the key role of angiogenesis have allowed for the rational design of new molecules.
Urinary markers for prostate cancer (PDF)
The indolent nature of early prostate cancer makes it amenable to curative therapy and this in turn renders it a suitable disease for which to pursue a successful screening programme.
January 2007
A Systematic Review of the Reliability of Frequency-Volume Charts in Urological Research and its Implications for the Optimum Chart Duration (PDF)
To determine how the reliability of frequency volume charts (FVCs) vary with their duration when used to assess patients with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and whether the duration influences patient compliance.
The Medical Management of Prostate Cancer: a Multidisciplinary Team Approach (PDF)
For many years the benefit of chemotherapy in patients with prostate cancer was thought to be limited to palliation of late-stage disease, and thus medical oncologists only became involved in patient care towards the end of the disease process, if at all.
High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound for Treating Prostate Cancer (PDF)
In recent years, high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) has been harnessed as an energy source to destroy tissue with increasing precision.
Unilateral Renal Agenesis and the Congenital Solitary Functioning Kidney: Developmental, Genetic and Clinical Perspectives (PDF)
We review the condition termed ‘unilateral renal agenesis’ (URA), i.e. individuals born with non-ectopic, solitary functioning kidneys (SFKs), with contralateral kidneys which fail to form.
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